[12][13], TransCanada Keystone Pipeline GP Ltd,[14] abbreviated here as Keystone, operates four phases of the project. Furthermore, the project cannot create such a high number of jobs for Native Americans. Published February 26, 2022 7:38am EST US energy dependence threatens national security, experts warn, as GOP calls on Biden to reopen Keystone XL One expert warned that America is allowing. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. Keystone Pipeline, Gas Prices, and Oil Exports Dirty energy lobbyists claimed developing tar sands would protect our national energy security and bring U.S. fuel prices down. [105] The Canadian section involves approximately 864 kilometres (537mi) of pipeline converted from the Canadian Mainline natural gas pipeline and 373 kilometres (232mi) of new pipeline, pump stations and terminal facilities at Hardisty, Alberta. The pipeline faced more than a decade of sustained protests from environmental activists and organizations; Indigenous communities; religious leaders; and the farmers, ranchers, and business owners along its proposed route. Its no small feat extracting oil from tar sands, and doing so comes with steep environmental and economic costs. Farmers, ranchers, tribes, and conservation groups helped keep the project stalled for Trumps full four years in office, despite his best efforts to expedite its approval. The proposed Keystone XL extension actually comprised two segments. [16] By comparison, production of petroleum in the United States averaged 9.4million barrels (1.5million cubic meters) per day in first-half 2015, with gross exports of 500,000 barrels (79,000m3) per day through July 2015. If completed, the Keystone XL would have added 510,000 barrels (81,000m3) per day increasing the total capacity up to 1.1million barrels (170,000m3) per day. How Many Okinawa Kids Did Frantz Take Under His Wing. While the tar sands industry was once seen as an unbeatable opponent in a David-and-Goliath fight, the victory against Keystone XL shows that the tables have begun to turnand that more power now lies with the advocates for climate justice than ever before. [clarification needed][115][116][117], The pipeline was a prominent issue in the 2014 United States mid-term elections, and after Republicans gained control of the Senate that year, the project was revived. . As per the analysis report conducted by Cornell Universitys Global Labor Institute, these job claims are nothing but mere fabrications. [254], In a February 2015, the US EPA responded to the U.S. Department of State's Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (Final SEIS) for the Keystone XL Pipeline Project,[255] that the pipeline will significantly increase greenhouse gas emissions because it will lead to the expansion of Alberta's carbon-intensive oilsands. 2022. [197] Protesters called on President Obama to reject the planned pipeline extension when deciding the fate of the pipeline after Secretary of State John Kerry completes a review of the project.[198]. The expected lack of volume combined with extensive construction cost overruns has prompted several petroleum refining companies to sue TransCanada. On March 28, 2017, his State Department illegally approved a cross-border permit for the pipeline, reversing the Obama administrations prior determination that KXL would not serve the national interest. 2022 they are producing almost 12 million . They then started rising again from late April. [122] After Donald Trump's victory in that election, he released a presidential memorandum on January 24, 2017 announcing revival of the Keystone XL and Dakota Access pipelines. [268] This project replaced the earlier proposed alternative Wrangler pipeline project from Cushing to the Gulf Coast. Looking at the spills incidents that happened in the past few years, the answer is a resounding yes. Suncor Energy hoped to recoup significant construction-related tolls, though the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission did not rule in their favor. On March 17, 2008, during the final year of the Presidency of George W. Bush, the United States Department of State issued a Presidential Permit authorizing the construction, maintenance and operation of facilities at the United States and Canada border. The Keystone XL pipeline, which would have expanded an existing system transporting oil from Canada to the Gulf Coast, has been a political and environmental battleground since its conception. On May 28, 2020, the United States Court of Appeals of the Ninth Circuit denied a motion to stay the District Judge's ruling. ", "Keystone pipeline: How many jobs it would really create", "Obama Questions Keystone XL Pipeline Job Projections", "Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement (SEIS)", AP: Obama Understates Keystone XL Pipeline Jobs By Thousands, "Oil sands awash in excess pipeline capacity", "Republicans aim to take Keystone XL decision out of Obama's hands", "Senate rejects effort to ban Keystone pipeline exports and use U.S. steel", "Senate Republicans block amendment by Sen. Ed Markey to keep Keystone XL Pipeline oil in US for American consumers exclusively", "Oil pipeline from Canada stirring anger in U.S. Great Plains", "Alberta exploring at least two oil pipeline projects to North", "Oil differential darkens Alberta's budget", "GLI_keystoneXL_Reportpdf | The ILR School | Cornell University", "Enbridge damage: Utility, road fixes could hit $1 million", "Lac-Mgantic: How to get rid of a town's oil stain", Canada train disaster bolsters pipeline case: Our view, Williston Basin crude oil production and takeaway capacity are increasing, Quebec tragedy reminds us pipelines are safest way to transport oil, "In Dakota Oil Patch, Trains Trump Pipelines", "How defeating Keystone XL built a bolder, savvier climate movement", "Citing Climate Change, Obama Rejects Construction of Keystone XL Oil Pipeline", "Shining Light on Obama's Tar Sands Pipeline Decision", "Protesters in Texas climb trees to block pipeline work", "Keystone: pipeline to Obama's re-election", "Activists Launch Keystone XL Blockade in East Texas", "Blockadia Rising: Rowdy Greens, Direct Action and the Keystone XL Pipeline", "Green Party presidential hopeful arrested in pipeline protest", "Green Party presidential candidate Jill Stein charged with trespassing in Keystone XL protest", "Keystone XL protesters pressure Obama on climate change promise", "Thousands rally in Washington to protest Keystone pipeline", "40,000 People Reported at Climate Change Rally", "Biggest Environmental Rally in Decades Attracts Nationwide Media Attention", "Thousands rally in D.C. against Keystone Pipeline", "Rosebud Sioux Tribe is Holding Its Own Public Hearing on the Keystone XL Pipeline! The market case had also deteriorated. A September 2013 poll by the Pew Center found 65% favored the project and 30% opposed. It was expected to transport 830,000 barrels of Alberta tar sands oil per day to refineries on the Gulf Coast of Texas. Jobs Gained, Jobs Lost by the Construction of Keystone XL, "EPA: Keystone XL impact statement needs revising", "EPA Calls for Further Study of Keystone XL", "Keystone Pipeline Leak Was Twice as Big as Previously Thought", "Keystone pipeline spills 210,000 gallons of oil on eve of permitting decision for TransCanada", "Keystone Poses 'No Significant Impacts' to Most Resources Along Path US", "Pipe dreams? In the instance of the Keystone XL pipeline, there have been many protests and actions taken against the construction of the pipeline. Whats more, the whole process of getting the oil out and making it usable creates three to four times the carbon pollution of conventional crude extraction and processing. It became a symbol too often used as a campaign cudgel by both parties rather than a serious policy matter. [A]pproval or denial of any one crude oil transport project, including the proposed Project, is unlikely to significantly impact the rate of extraction in the oil sands, or the continued demand for heavy crude oil. [213], In April 2013, the EPA challenged the U.S. State Department report's conclusion that the pipeline would not result in greater oil sand production, noting that "while informative, [it] is not based on an updated energy-economic modeling effort". In 2015, KXL was temporarily delayed by President Barack Obama. The recent downward trend in gas prices further undermines the idea that there's a link between the Keystone XL pipeline and gas prices. Nevertheless, in the mid-2000s, with gas prices on the rise, oil companies ramped up production and sought additional ways to move their product from Canadas remote tar sands fields to midwestern and Gulf Coast refineries. [17], A proposed fourth pipeline, called Keystone XL (sometimes abbreviated KXL, with XL standing for "export limited"[18]) Pipeline, would have connected the Phase I-pipeline terminals in Hardisty, Alberta, and Steele City, Nebraska, by a shorter route and a larger-diameter pipe. [175] In April 2013, Calgary-based Canada West Foundation warned that Alberta is "running up against a [pipeline capacity] wall around 2016, when we will have barrels of oil we can't move". [173], In 2013, frustrated by delays in getting approval for Keystone XL (via the Gulf of Mexico), the Enbridge Northern Gateway Pipelines (via Kitimat, BC) and the expansion of the existing TransMountain line to Vancouver, Alberta has intensified exploration of two northern projects "to help the province get its oil to tidewater, making it available for export to overseas markets". The truth is Keystone 1 project has failed to achieve its targets and is, in fact, nowhere around what the company promised during its initial stage. [3], The Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration began an investigation into the leak. The oil flow was stopped on Wednesday, December 7 just seven minutes after a leak was discovered. [33], In October 2007, the Communications, Energy and Paperworkers Union of Canada asked the Canadian federal government to block regulatory approvals for the pipeline, with union president Dave Coles stating "the Keystone pipeline will exclusively serve US markets, create a permanent employment for very few Canadians, reduce our energy security, and hinder investment and job creation in the Canadian energy sector". When completed it will add 350,000 barrels (56,000m3) per day new capacity to the existing pipeline for cumulative total of 800,000 barrels (130,000m3) per day. a 2011 study by Danielle Droitsch of Pembina Institute) according to which "a good portion of the oil that will gush down the KXL will probably end up being finally consumed beyond the territorial United States". Instead, TransCanada has invested a lot in misleading the American public by using fake science and faked numbers to promote the viability of the KXL pipeline project. The 1,200-mile pipeline would have traveled southeast through nine South Dakota counties. In June 2021, TC Energy announced that it was abandoning its plans for building the pipeline for goodputting an end to a fossil fuel project that had loomed over waterways, communities, and the climate for more than a decade. The only group identified by the Pew poll with less than majority support for the pipeline was among those Democrats who identified themselves as liberal (41% in favor versus 54% opposed).[261]. If anything happens on the Keystone XL Pipeline, rapid response is key. In short, tar sands oil represents no small threat to our environment, and our best stance against it, as the rallying cry goes, is to keep it in the ground.. Keystone started pumping oil through this section in January 2014. [179] Increased oil production in North Dakota has exceeded pipeline capacity since 2010, leading to increasing volumes of crude oil being shipped by truck or rail to refineries. Yes, Trump has green-lighted the controversial Keystone XL pipeline. [99], On June 9, 2021, the Keystone XL project was abandoned by its developer. [106] It runs through Nemaha, Brown and Doniphan counties in Kansas and Buchanan, Clinton, Caldwell, Montgomery, Lincoln and St. Charles counties in Missouri, before entering Madison County, Illinois. 15 Fun Facts About Stray Kids | Entertainment. We would score a victory, and it would have huge ramifications for holding off construction at critical times, says NRDC attorney Cecilia Segal, who has worked on KXL litigation since 2017. Apart from this, I have knowledge of local listing. Shifts to gasoline fuel for cargo vehicles, new technologies promoting fuel efficiency, and export restrictions that forced the price of oil to decrease also played a part. TOPEKA, Kan. (AP) An oil spill in a creek in northeastern Kansas shut down a major pipeline that carries oil from Canada to the Texas Gulf Coast, briefly . While an 11-volume State Department report on the Keystone XL pipeline found in 2014 that it would not significantly contribute to carbon pollution, critics say the project threatens Alberta's. But then the Trump administration would do something to undercut us outside of court. The administration also attempted to issue other permits for the project, all based on flawed environmental analyses, eventually prompting more lawsuits, including two from NRDC and its allies. OPINION: In the last few weeks, much of the rhetoric about energy has focused on President Biden's cancellation of the Keystone XL pipeline and his de facto suspension of new oil and gas leases. [236][237], In April 2018, Reuters reviewed documents that showed that Keystone had "leaked substantially more oil, and more often, in the United States than the company indicated to regulators in risk assessments before operations began in 2010. [280], In June 2012, Sierra Club, Clean Energy Future Oklahoma, and the East Texas Sub Regional Planning Commission filed a joint complaint in the United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma seeking injunctive relief and petitioning for a review of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' action in issuing Nationwide Permit 12 permits for the Cushing, Oklahoma, to the Gulf Coast portion of the pipeline. TransCanada asked Nebraska to reconsider this decision[75] and worked with Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) to determine the structural cause of a leak in South Dakota on November 21, 2017. This story was originally published on April 7, 2017, and has been updated with new information and links. [279] In April 2010, three smaller refineries sued TransCanada to break Keystone transportation contracts, saying the new pipeline has been beset with cost overruns. Over the years, they have invested more money in promoting this project than any other state or environmental organization. [92], On March 31, 2020, CEO Russ Girling announced that TC Energy "will proceed with construction of the Keystone XL Pipeline" and thanked President Donald Trump, Alberta Premier Jason Kenney, and other government officials for "support and advocacy" for Keystone XL. [7] An evacuation order was not ordered. TransCanada has developed an Aboriginal Relations policy in order to confront some of these conflicts. [190][191] On October 31, 2012, Green Party presidential candidate Jill Stein was arrested in Texas for criminal trespass after trying to deliver food and supplies to the Keystone XL protesters. But immediately after taking office, President Donald Trump brought the zombie project back to life, along with the legal battles against it. [72][73] The State Department issued a new Record of Decision on the same factual record as before but now finding that granting the permit to be in the national interest. The Bakken oil is of a higher quality than the Canadian sand oil and can be sold to east coast refinery at a premium that they would not get sending it to Gulf refineries. [34], On January 22, 2008, ConocoPhillips acquired a 50% stake in the project. This included the shortening of the pipeline to 875 miles (1,408km); its avoidance of "crossing the NDEQ-identified Sandhills Region" and "reduction of the length of pipeline crossing the Northern High Plains Aquifer system, which includes the Ogallala formation". [31]:5[101] The pipeline system was originally developed as a partnership between TransCanada and ConocoPhillips, but TransCanada announced plans to buy ConocoPhillips' interest in Keystone in June 2009. [62] The Keystone XL Pipeline bill was not officially sent to President Obama, starting the official ten-day count towards the bill becoming law without presidential signature, until February 24, 2015. Also Read: Here Are 30+ Fun Anteater Facts For Kids. According to their website, "It's our responsibilityas a good company and under law. "[226], Different environmental groups, citizens, and politicians have raised concerns about the potential negative impacts of the Keystone XL project. The Keystone pipeline spill in a creek running through rural pastureland in Washington County, Kansas, about 150 miles northwest of Kansas City, also was the biggest in the system's history, according to U.S. Department of Transportation data. Oil trains wont get better brakes, air conditioners wont get safer chemicals, and children lose their EPA advocate. The Keystone XL pipeline extension, proposed by TC Energy (then TransCanada) in 2008, was initially designed to transport the planets dirtiest fossil fuel, tar sands oil, to marketand fast. [217] On April 18, 2014, the Obama administration announced that the review of the controversial Keystone XL oil pipeline has been extended indefinitely, pending the result of a legal challenge to a Nebraska pipeline siting law that could change the route. But the path to victory wasnt always clear. Simultaneous 'solidarity' protests were also organized in several other cities across the United States, Europe, and Canada. [54][209], On September 5, 2012, TransCanada submitted an environmental report on the new route in Nebraska, which the company says is "based on extensive feedback from Nebraskans, and reflects our shared desire to minimize the disturbance of land and sensitive resources in the state". "[234], On October 31, 2019, a rupture occurred near Edinburg, North Dakota, spilling an estimated 9,120 barrels (1,450m3)[238] where the 45,000 US gallons (170m3) that were not recovered from the 0.5 acre containment have spread contaminating 5 acres. Less than two years before the project was finally pulled, the Keystone tar sands pipeline was temporarily shut down after a spill in North Dakota of reportedly more than 378,000 gallons in late October 2019. "[123], Many American and Canadian Aboriginals have opposed the Keystone XL project for various reasons,[124] including possible damage to sacred sites, pollution, and water contamination, which could lead to health risks among their communities. [114] By 2011, Koch Industries refined 25% of all crude oil imported into the United States. [245] On June 23, 2010, 50Democrats in Congress in their letter to Secretary of State Hillary Clinton warned that "building this pipeline has the potential to undermine America's clean energy future and international leadership on climate change", referencing the higher input quantity of fossil fuels necessary to take the tar and turn it into a usable fuel product in comparison to other conventionally derived fossil fuels. It would have sliced through Montana, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas and. In the two years leading up to the November 2014 midterm elections, the fossil fuel industry spent more than $721 million to court allies in Congress. Construction of Phase III, from Cushing, Oklahoma, to Nederland, Texas, in the Gulf Coast area, began in August 2012 as an independent economic utility. Its a pipeline through America, and it threatens to be a disaster for us if it leaks poisons on the way. Leading scientists and economists came out in opposition to the project, in addition to unions and world leaders such as the Dalai Lama, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, and former president Jimmy Carter (together, these and other Nobel laureates have written letters against the project). When Nebraska landowners who had refused TransCanada the permission it needed for pipeline easements on their properties, TransCanada attempted to exercise eminent domain over such use. Support among Republicans had also fallen (to 76%) but not as steeply as among Democrats. The second segment was the hotly contested 1,209-mile northern lega shortcut of sortsthat would have run from Hardisty, Alberta, through Montana and South Dakota to Steele City, Nebraska. "However, such a change is not likely to occur. On April 15, 2020, District Judge Brian Morris issued a suspension for the pipeline's construction after the plaintiffs, the Northern Plains Resource Council, alleged the project was improperly reauthorised back in 2017. [184], In the year before the 2012 United States presidential election, McKibben and other activists mounted pressure on then-President Obama, who was running for re-election. [15][3], On June 3, 2011, Pipeline Hazardous Materials and Safety Administration (PHMSA) issued TransCanada a Corrective Action Order (CAO), for Keystone's May 2011 leaks. The leak lasted for several minutes, with no initial reports of damage to water sources or wildlife. Cindy S. Woods, The Great Sioux Nation V. The Black Snake: Native American Rights and the Keystone XL Pipeline. In 2011, Russ Girling, president and CEO of TransCanada, touted the positive impact of the project as "putting 20,000US workers to work and spending $7billion stimulating the US economy", according to a report they commissioned. The truth behind this keystone pipeline facts and myths about supporting organized labor is that labor and workers have opposed this project from the start. [210] The March 2013 U.S. Department of State Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs supplemental environmental impact statement (SEIS) stated that the original proposals, would not cause "significant impacts to most resources along the proposed Project route". [174] By May 2012, Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper had spent $9 million and $16.5 million by May 2013 to promote Keystone XL. This is why we fight[134] further explains the relationship with the Oceti Sakowin Tribe by referring to the environment as Mother Earth when resisting the Keystone Pipeline. The Cushing MarketLink pipeline phase started at Cushing, Oklahoma, where American-produced oil is added to the pipeline, then runs south 435 miles (700km) to a delivery point near terminals in Nederland, Texas, to serve refineries in the Port Arthur, Texas, area. 701 et. Keystone XL was a terrible idea from the start, Swift said. The Keystone pipeline sprang a new leak. [23][24], According to a February 10, 2011 Reuters article, Koch Industries were in a position to increase their profits substantially if the Keystone XL Pipeline were approved. The application was granted consideration. The decision echoed a seven-year State Department review process with EPA input that concluded the pipeline would fail to serve national interests. By Tsvetana Paraskova - Dec 26, 2022, 3:30 AM CST TC Energy, the operator of the Keystone Pipeline, has received approval from the U.S. Dec. 11, 2022, 8:21 PM PST. [43], In 2012, the US State Department estimated that the pipeline would create about 5,000 to 6,000 temporary jobs in the US during the two-year construction period, would increase gasoline availability to the Northeast and expand the Gulf refining industry. How a single pipeline project became the epicenter of an enormous environmental, public health, and civil rights battle. Pipeline spills can also result in significant economic and employment costs, although the systematic tracking of the social, health, and economic impacts of pipeline spills is not required by law. Initially, President Obama put this project on hold, but Donald Trump turned it and gave it a green flag. [28], Additional phases (III, completed in 2014, and IV, rejected in 2015) have been in construction or discussion since 2011. [158] TransCanada had said that development of oil sands will expand regardless of whether the crude oil is exported to the United States or alternatively to Asian markets through Enbridge Northern Gateway Pipelines or Kinder Morgan's Trans-Mountain line. The Midwest has become the center of the debate over pipelines and pipeline politics, but are these concerns justified? US oil prices rose about 4% the following day following news of the leak and shutdown. [225], TransCanada claims that they will take 100% responsibility for any potential environmental problems. In November 2017, the Nebraska Public Service Commission approved (32) the construction of the pipeline, albeit through an alternative route which is longer, but deemed to have the least environmental impact compared to two other routes that were considered. Fact: The Midwest has become the center of the debate over pipelines and pipeline politics, but are these concerns justified? [260], Public opinion polls taken by independent national polling organizations toward the beginning of the dispute showed majority support for the proposed pipeline in the US. [227], The main issues are the risk of oil spills along the pipeline, which would traverse highly sensitive terrain, and 17% higher greenhouse gas emissions from the extraction of oil sands compared to extraction of conventional oil. [274], In April 2013, it was learned that the government of Alberta was investigating, as an alternative to the pipeline south through the United States, a shorter all-Canadian pipeline north to the Arctic coast, from where the oil would be taken by tanker ships through the Arctic Ocean to markets in Asia and Europe[275] and in August, TransCanada announced a new proposal to create a longer all-Canada pipeline, called Energy East, that would extend as far east as the port city of Saint John, New Brunswick, at the same time providing feedstock to refineries in Montreal, Quebec City, and Saint John. I am a marketing executive in a virtual SEO Expert. the oil industry was producing 18.4 million barrels of oil per day. The Keystone Pipeline has been shut down following a leak discovered near the border of Kansas and Nebraska. The existing Keystone pipeline travels to Port Arthur, Texas to be refined and guess what - the majority of it is exported. 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