Throughout the 19th century, the fame of Mammoth Cave would grow so that the cave became an international sensation. Two chambers in the caves have since been known as "Booth's Amphitheatre" and "Ole Bull's Concert Hall". Close. The upper sandstone member is known as the Big Clifty Sandstone. [37], The cave's name refers to the large width and length of the passages connecting to the Rotunda just inside the entrance. . [6] In 1976, Rick Schwartz discovered a large cave south of the Mammoth Cave park boundary. Anomalien.com (anomaly + alien) is one of the most popular websites with the latest breaking news and articles on UFOs/UAPs and all the unexplained and paranormal since 2013. This cave became known as the Martin Ridge Cave System in 1996, as new exploration connected the 3 nearby caves of Whigpistle Cave (Schwartz's original entrance), Martin Ridge Cave, and Jackpot Cave. Mammoth Cave is the most extensive cave system in the world, with over 285 miles (458 km) of surveyed cave passageways within the property (and at least another 80 miles [128 km] outside the property). Collins' body was recovered two months later. [6][8] On the night of March 1819, 1929, the body was stolen. The Frightening Conspiracy Theory That Links Missing Persons Cases To U.S. Cave Systems William Kennedy 1/2/2023 When maps of the U.S. National Park System and maps of mysterious or. It is certain that many more miles of cave passages await discovery in the region. According to the National System of Missing and Unidentified Persons, more than 600,000 people go missing in the United States every year. 1. In 1981 it was designated as a World Heritage Site and in 1990 it became the core area of an International Biosphere Reserve. A Unesco World Heritage Centre, Mammoth Cave contains every type of cave formationfrom icicle-like stalactites to eerie white gypsum flowersand 130 species of wildlife. The text is decorated sparsely with this and other head-scratching non sequiturs. Mammoth Cave was established as a national park on July 1, 1941 although people have been touring the caves since the 1800's. Currently, over 400 miles of the cave system have been explored and mapped, with new discoveries being made all of the time. Explorers are properly trained not to disturb archaeological evidence, and some areas of the cave remain out-of-bounds for even seasoned explorers, unless the subject of the trip is archaeological research on that area. Known as Cedar Sink, the sinkhole features a small river entering one side and disappearing back underground at the other side. Several "wild" tours venture away from the developed parts of the cave into muddy crawls and dusty tunnels. For starters, the top map is not an exhaustive list of every missing person in the United States. In 1906, Mammoth Cave became accessible by steamboat with the construction of a lock and dam at Brownsville, Kentucky. A radio amplifier had been jerry-rigged to the copper wire that connected Collins's light bulb. Colossal Cavern is a cave in Kentucky, United States, the main entrance of which is at the foot of a steep hill beyond Eaton Valley, and 1.5 miles from Mammoth Cave.. Potential Natural Vegetation, Original Kuchler Types, v2.0 (Spatially Adjusted to Correct Geometric Distortions)", "Fossils - Mammoth Cave National Park (U.S. National Park Service)", "Scientists have found a 330-million-year-old shark's head fossilized in a Kentucky cave", "Donald Finkel, 79, Poet of Free-Ranging Styles, Is Dead", "Jake Elliott, writer and designer of Kentucky Route Zero", "Same Place The Fly Got Smashed at the Guided By Voices Database", "Mihalic Named Superintendent of Yosemite National Park", "Glasgow (KY) Times: Park super enjoying scenery change", "Sarah Craighead selected as Mammoth Cave National Park superintendent - Mammoth Cave National Park", "National Park Service announces leadership changes at Mammoth Cave National Park - Mammoth Cave National Park (U.S. National Park Service)", National Park Service: Historic Listings of NPS Officials, Mammoth Cave National Park Association website, Mammoth Cave Saltpeter Works, Mammoth Cave, Edmonson County, KY, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mammoth_Cave_National_Park&oldid=1141189988, A significant amount of the work of American poet. The Cave Research Foundation was permitted to continue their exploration through a Memorandum of Understanding with the National Park Service. [citation needed], Another technique employed in archaeological research, at Mammoth Cave, was "experimental archaeology" in which modern explorers were sent into the cave using the same technology as that employed by the ancient cultures whose leftover implements lie discarded in many parts of the cave. Descend into the earth and discover the rare beauty and mystery of the cave for yourself on a guided tour, ranging from 30 minutes to five hours. All together, these and more rare bat species such as the eastern small-footed bat had estimated populations of 912 million just in the Historic Section. In addition, some surface animals may take refuge in the entrances of the caves but do not generally venture into the deep portions of the cavern system. The park's 52,830 acres (21,380ha) are located primarily in Edmonson County, with small areas extending eastward into Hart and Barren counties. (The Pleistocene Epoch began 2.6 million years ago and ended 11,700 years ago. Rule 2 does not apply when replying to this stickied comment.. Rule 2 does apply throughout the rest of this thread.. What this means: Please keep any "meta" discussion directed at specific users, mods, or r/conspiracy in general in this comment chain only.. It's the world's longest cave system. Mammoth Cave has the longest underground system in the world stretching more than 420 miles. At its core, Missing411 is the vague claim that something unusual is occurring related to deaths and disappearances in national parks. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. 1.7m members in the conspiracy community. Spelunkers have discovered blind fish in underground rivers, tunnels blooming. A half-interest in the cave changed hands for ten thousand dollars (equivalent to over $150,000 in 2020). Some Houchin Family tales have John Decatur "Johnny Dick" Houchin as the discoverer of the cave, but this is highly unlikely because Johnny Dick was only 10 years old in 1797 and was unlikely to be out hunting bears at such an age. [3] As of 2010, more than 420 miles (680km) passageways had been surveyed,[4][5] nearly twice as long as the second-longest cave system, Mexico's Sac Actun underwater cave.[6]. Odd cloud formation in Nevada prompts talk of cloaked-UFOs, Spaceflight can seriously harm humans, research shows. It was not until the turn of the 21st century that a group of German tourists, after visiting the cave, researched Kmper's family and determined his fate: the young Kmper was killed in trench warfare in World War I at the Battle of the Somme December 10, 1916. Jane Goodall Isnt Ruling Out Existence Of Bigfoot, A baby with two heads and three arms was born in India. [citation needed], The 31,000-acre (13,000ha) tract known as the "Pollard Survey" was sold by indenture on September10, 1791 in Philadelphia by William Pollard. The same year saw the incorporation of the National Speleological Society. He felt the need to point out that both of their names start with A, and their first names only had three letters. I can only presume Paulides is open to the possibility that some nefarious Batman villain is at work in this area. Lawsuits were filed and, for a time, different entrances to the cave were operated in direct competition with each other. [6][8] It took a team of 15 men three days to remove the casket and tombstone from the cave. However, the sandstone caprock layer has been dissolved and eroded at many locations within the park, such as the Frozen Niagara room. But when we took a closer look at where the maps originated and what they purportedly showed, the comparison seemed overstated. One of the most basic facts to be determined about a newly discovered artifact is its precise location and situation. Morrison cave was discovered by George Morrison in the 1920s. The bird ate from food held in the hands of the guides, to the delight of visitors, and provided food to his less-tame mate.[22]. Paulides points out that years after that, a woman named Ann disappeared from the same place. Mammoth Cave National Park took to its Facebook page to share the news that a dedicated team of cave lovers had unearthed an additional eight miles of passages that have now been officially added to the Mammoth Cave system. [citation needed]. The first ton of dirt moved efficiently, though around 10 feet (3.0m) the shaft became so narrow only 2 men could work at a time. The amplifier crackled 20 times every minute, a hopeful sign that Collins might be breathing. The section of the Green River that flows through the park is legally designated as "Kentucky Wild River" by the Kentucky General Assembly, through the Office of Kentucky Nature Preserves' Wild Rivers Program. After the war when prices fell, the workings were abandoned and it became a minor tourist attraction centering on a Native American mummy discovered nearby. During the 1960s, Cave Research Foundation (CRF) exploration and mapping teams had found passageways in the Flint Ridge Cave System that penetrated under Houchins Valley and came within 800 feet (240m) of known passages in Mammoth Cave. The 9 Best Books About National Parks for Travelers Shortly after the media arrived, the publicity drew crowds of tourists to the site, at one point numbering in the tens of thousands. The National Missing and Unidentified Persons System (NamUs) reports that nearly 600,000 people go missing every year. A series of pulley systems were used to remove rocks from the hole, but pace of work slowed as they dug nearer to Collins. Due to the attention the disaster gained, hundreds of inexperienced cave explorers and tourists stood outside the mouth of the cave. This famous cave has been attracting tourists for over 200 years. Francis, National Guard medical officer, were then unsuccessful in an attempt to reach the body but Brenner went in front of them to the body and was able to follow their examination instructions for the official death declaration to be made. Attempts were made to dig the passages that led to Floyd back out, but rescue leaders, led by Henry St. George Tucker Carmichael, determined the cave impassable and too dangerous which brought the decision to dig a shaft straight down to reach the chamber behind Collins. [2], William Floyd Collins was born on July 20, 1887 The Golf Place. It is assumed that all these missing people, whose circumstances of disappearance were rather strange and who have not yet been found alive or dead, actually accidentally fell underground or deliberately decided to climb into the cave and could not find their way back. They are presented here not in the order of publication, but in the order in which the events of the books' major narratives took place: Carstens, Kenneth C (1980) Archaeological Investigations in the Central Kentucky Karst, 2 vols., Doctoral dissertation, Dep't of Anthropology, Washington University in St. Louis. The Lost John mummy is the latest to be uncovered. He found the cave entrance when he ran into the cave for protection from the charging bear. Kentucky's Mammoth Cave National Park lives up to its name. A typical strategy during the early days of automobile travel involved representatives (known as "cappers") of other private show caves hopping aboard a tourist's car's running board, and leading the passengers to believe that Mammoth Cave was closed, quarantined, caved in or otherwise inaccessible. Even slightly moving a prehistoric artifact contaminates it from a research perspective. An exception to purposeful burial was discovered when in 1935 the remains of an adult male were discovered under a large boulder. "An Investigation Of The Missing411 Conspiracy." "[4] Lee Collins deeded Floyd a half interest in the cave and they immediately decided to commercialize it. The cave drew air inward, meaning no engineered equipment could be used to dig into the cave as the fumes would suffocate Collins in the process. According to the A. W. Kuchler U.S. The cave system has formally been known as the MammothFlint Ridge Cave System since 1972, when a connection was discovered between Mammoth Cave and the even-longer system under Flint Ridge to the north. The Story of Floyd Collins and a screenplay was adapted by Thornton's writing partner, Tom Epperson. They dug a new tunnel to the opposite side of the cave passage and recovered Floyd Collins' remains on April 23, 1925. BOWLING GREEN, Ky. - A Bowling Green, Kentucky man pleaded guilty today, in United States District Court to conspiracy to manufacture marijuana inside Mammoth Cave National Park and inside a residence located in Warren County, Kentucky announced David J. Hale, United States Attorney for the Western District of Kentucky. 19,897 acres (8,052ha) of the "Pollard Survey" between the North bank of Bacon Creek and the Green River were purchased by Thomas Lang, Jr., a British American merchant from Yorkshire, England on June3, 1796, for 4,116/13s/0d (4,116.65). John Prine and Mac Wiseman recorded "Death of Floyd Collins" on their 2007 album Standard Songs for Average People. If he found a cave, they would form a business partnership and share in the responsibilities of operating this tourist attraction. In Beyond Mammoth Cave: A Tale of Obsession in the World's Longest Cave, James D. Borden and Roger W. Brucker provide gripping first-person accounts of the discoveries, including Roppel Cave, that made Kentucky's Mammoth Cave three times longer than any other cave in the world.. Borden, a relative newcomer, and Brucker, a veteran explorer, bring a personal and sometimes conflicting view of . As noted above, the people map is not an exhaustive list of all missing persons in the U.S. An analysis of their content, also pioneered by Watson, allows determination of the relative content of plant and meat in the diet of either culture over a period spanning several thousand years. Robert Davidson, the Rev. Genevieve Limestone, and the St. Louis Limestone. Two tours, lit only by visitor-carried paraffin lamps, are popular alternatives to the electric-lit routes. [24], The C-3 expedition drew public interest, first from a photo essay published by Robert Halmi in the July 1954 issue of True Magazine and later from the publication of a double first-person account of the expedition, The Caves Beyond: The Story of the Collins Crystal Cave Expedition by Joe Lawrence, Jr. (then president of the National Speleological Society) and Roger Brucker. For other uses, see, Early 20th century: The Kentucky Cave Wars. The area was declared a national park on July 1, 1941, when the minimum of 45,310 acres (over 600 parcels) had been assembled. Mammoth Cave National Park was officially established on July 1, 1941. This play includes many theories like the Marxist theory, the Post-Colonial theory, and the historical theory. This area of Kentucky features rolling hills, caves, and karst topography in general. The Fisher Ridge Cave System was discovered in January 1981 by a group of Michigan cavers associated with the Detroit Urban Grotto of the National Speleological Society. However, Thornton's option expired and the film rights were acquired by producer Peter R.J. Deyell in 2011. "[3][4] Having been appointed as the members of a coroner's jury, Floyd's friend, Johnnie Gerald, a few other acquaintances of Floyd, were allowed to go into the lateral tunnel and positively identify the body. Beware the three-lettered killer! "[21], Superintendent Hoskins later wrote of a summer tanager named Pete who arrived at the guide house on or around every April20, starting in 1938. It is known that in the United States there are a lot of long and unexplored caves, for example, Mammoth Cave in Kentucky is considered the longest in the world, its tunnels stretch for 587 thousand meters and reach 115 meters in depth. Not only is this proven by the book but outside sources like the dictionary and Wikipedia can help prove these as well. More than 400 miles of vast chambers and winding rock tunnels have been explored so far, and countless more remain untouched. All depend on energy from the surface. On February 2, 1925 a plan was devised to hoist Collins from the cave using a harness, rope, and the strength of multiple men. Mammoth Cave the longest tunnel cave system in the worldformed over 10 million years ago, but it wasn't designated as an official US national park until July 1, 1941. The following species of bats inhabit the caverns: Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis), gray bat (Myotis grisescens), little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus), big brown bat (Eptesicus fuscus), and the eastern pipistrelle bat (Pipistrellus subflavus). Mammoth Cave National Park is an American national park in central Kentucky, encompassing portions of Mammoth Cave, the longest cave system known in the world. With Collins's body remaining in the cave, funeral services were held on the surface. Without access to the closely held survey data, Martel was permitted to make barometric observations in the cave for the purpose of determining the relative elevation of different locations in the cave. A bucket-list must, the cavern system features over 400 miles of underground caverns and passageways, with more miles being added all the time. As of 2018, the Martin Ridge Cave System had been mapped to a length of 34 miles (55km), and exploration continued. The Clearwater Cave System is considered to be the interconnected cave system with the largest volume in the world. Here's a look at how these two maps compare when we use Paulides' original map (sans the black dots): Some parallels can still be drawn between the two maps (after all, Paulides was mapping people who "mysteriously vanished" near national parks, which are home to thousands of caves), but the similarities are not as clean. Mammoth Cave was created by limestone erosion, also known as karst topography. Kentucky has an expansive park system which includes o Mammoth Cave is a limestone labyrinth with more than 400 miles of it explored, and the park estimates a potential for another 600 miles in its system. They were closed when the property was bought in 1896 by the Louisville & Nashville railway . In 1912, Edmund Turner, a geologist, hired Floyd to show him caves of the region. Other animals which inhabit the caves include: According to the United States Department of Agriculture, the Plant Hardiness zone at Mammoth Cave National Park Visitor Center at 722ft (220 m) elevation is 6b with an average annual extreme minimum temperature of -3.2F (-19.6C).[32]. Clearwater Cave System. Mammoth Cave Baptist Church, established in 1827 - the cemetery to the left of the church is the burial ground of famed cavers Edmund Turner and Floyd Collins. In 1927, Lee Collins sold the homestead and cave to Dr. Harry Thomas, dentist and owner of Mammoth Onyx Cave and Hidden River Cave. Mammoth Cave National Park was dedicated on July1, 1941. The Haunted Chambers, the Giant's Coffin, the Devil's Looking Glass, and the Bottomless Pit are just a few of the ominously named features experienced daily by visitors to Mammoth Cave. Mammoth Cave extends more than 285 miles underneath south-central Kentucky and is the world's longest cave system. However, that's because the missing-persons map shows people who vanished under strange circumstances near national parks which house thousands of caves and not an exhaustive list of every person currently missing in the United States. R. Taylor Hoskins, the second Acting Superintendent under the old Association, became the first official Superintendent, a position he held until 1951. I suspect hole #1 Following a deadpan factual reporting of the details, Paulides quotes a local person saying cryptically that according to local legend, beings called Lemurians lived underneath Mount Shasta . [6] The body was taken that day to Cave City for embalming at J.T. I can only speculate that its a slang synonym for information, although MissingInfo isnt much better of a moniker. [38] The name was used long before the extensive cave system was more fully explored and mapped, to reveal a mammoth length of passageways. The Mammoth Cave Area Biosphere Reserve encompasses 909,328 acres in six counties within the Pennyroyal Plateau biogeographic region. [citation needed]. By 1954, Mammoth Cave National Park's land holdings encompassed all lands within its outer boundary with the exception of two privately held tracts. Some notable features of the cave, such as Grand Avenue, Frozen Niagara, and Fat Man's Misery, can be seen on lighted tours ranging from one to six hours in length. [citation needed], In July 1812, the cave was purchased from Simon and other owners by Charles Wilkins and an investor from Philadelphia named Hyman Gratz. Down here in the dark, there is evidence of the first intrepid visitors to what is now known as Mammoth Cave, who carried burning reed torches into winding, unmapped passageways. I kind of think there are communities of those people and they take people when they can.. In fact, according to some, parts of these ancient cave systems have been purposely sealed shut and remain undeclared. It's located in south-central Kentucky and is the longest known cave system in the world, with over 400 miles of explored and mapped passageways. Experts and scientists have no answer as to why this is, making it one of the greatest mysteries of Mammoth Cave to this day. The cool winter air caused them to light camp fires that disrupted the natural ice within Sand Cave causing it to melt and create puddles of cool water; one of which Floyd himself lay in. Horace Martin, Alexander Clark Bullitt, Nathaniel Parker Willis (who visited in June 1852), Bayard Taylor (in May 1855), William Stump Forwood (in spring 1867), the naturalist John Muir (early September 1867), the Rev. #6 of 6 Outdoor Activities in Cave City. Since the 1972 unification of Mammoth Cave with the even-longer system under Flint Ridge to the north, the official name of the system has been the Mammoth-Flint Ridge Cave System. The vast majority of these missing-persons cases are not counted on this map. Please contact the moderators of this subreddit if you . (I have been unable to ascertain the meaning of 411. Up to 92% of these people are found alive or dead each year, but the rest are never found. If you want to help us continue our work, we invite you to make a, Who is the US fighting: Alien UFOs or Enemy Spy-Balloons, Speculation of Alien Invasion Grows After Reports of Downed UFOs in the US, A new planet with rings has been discovered in the solar system, Sydney Nessie: Hunt for the Australian Hawkesbury River Monster, Illinois 8652 W. 95th Street, Hickory Hills, IL 60457-1700. Working alone, within three weeks, he had explored and expanded a hole that would later be called "Sand Cave" by the news media. The first modern industry in the cave system was a saltpeter extraction operation (as indicated by the It was estimated that the team of 75 volunteer workers would be able to dig this shaft within 30 hours at a rate of 2 feet (0.61m) per hour. @danthedingbat21, a researcher from the TikTok service went even further and developed a theory about why so many people disappeared into the caves. By 1972, the Flint Ridge Cave System had been surveyed to a length of 86.5 miles (139.2km), making it the longest cave in the world. Statistics and Market Information System (ESMIS) contains over 2,100 publications from five agencies of the U.S. Department of Agriculture . Although Collins was an unknown figure for most of his lifetime, the fame he gained from the rescue efforts and his death led to him being memorialized on his tombstone as the "Greatest Cave Explorer Ever Known". It was named a World Heritage Site on October27, 1981; an international Biosphere Reserve on September26, 1990; and an International Dark Sky Park on October 28, 2021. [2] Because he could not be reached from behind, the rescuers could not free his leg. two genera of crickets (Hadenoecus subterraneus) and (Ceuthophilus stygius) (Ceuthophilus latens), a cave salamander (Eurycea lucifuga), two genera of eyeless cave fish (Typhlichthys subterraneus) and (Amblyopsis spelaea), a cave crayfish (Orconectes pellucidus), and a cave shrimp (Palaemonias ganteri). From his research, there are at least 1,600 people, give or take, currently missing in the wild somewhere in the United States. Weve never seen a Sasquatch before, weve never seen Bigfoot before but weve found the clothes of missing people 100 yards away from where they were originally taken.. He was the first person who ever crossed the Bottomless Pit, and he, myself and another person whose name I have forgotten were the only persons ever at the bottom of Gorin's Dome to my knowledge. After tremendous preparation by the entire family, the transformed show cave was opened to tourists in April 1918. "Over 3,900 People Are Missing in Michigan. The blockade starved the American military of saltpeter and therefore gunpowder. The goal was to gain insight into the problems faced by the ancient people who explored the cave, by placing the researchers in a similar physical situation. 1-30 of 63. Ancient human remains and artifacts within the caves are protected by various federal and state laws. Mammoth Cave is one of the most stunning natural wonders in the world. To date, 412 miles have been discovered and cave explorers continue to unc. The body was later recovered, having been found in a nearby field, but the injured left leg was missing. In the early 20th century, Floyd Collins spent ten years exploring the Flint Ridge Cave System (the most important legacy of these explorations was the discovery of Floyd Collins' Crystal Cave and exploration in Salts Cave) before dying at Sand Cave, Kentucky, in 1925. Mammoth Cave National Park works to preserve the longest cave system in the world. At Kentucky's Mammoth Cave National Park, you'll discover the world's longest known cave system. At the same time, the cave attracted the attention of 19th century writers such as Robert Montgomery Bird, the Rev. Every article you read on Anomalien is made possible thanks to the generous donations of our supporters. The story of human beings in relation to Mammoth Cave spans five thousand years. Dwarf filmed in the Alps by a German photographer? Cedar Sink Trail 91 Hiking Trails In 1972, CRF Chief Cartographer John Wilcox pursued an aggressive program to finally connect the caves, fielding several expeditions from the Flint Ridge side as well as exploring leads in Mammoth Cave. At one valley bottom in the southern region of the park, a massive sinkhole has developed. [19][20], According to the National Park Service, "By May 22, 1936, 27,402 acres of land had been acquired and accepted by the Secretary of the Interior. [citation needed]. The passage shifted and he was caught by a 26-pound (12kg) rock that fell from the cave ceiling, pinning his left leg; as well as torrents of loose gravel to completely bury his body. Currently, explorers have mapped out 426 miles of the cave system. As a result, the domestic price of saltpeter rose and production based on nitrates extracted from caves such as Mammoth Cave became more lucrative. Mammoth Cave National Park in central Kentucky is home to the world's longest known cave system. "[12], In 1839, John Croghan of Louisville bought the Mammoth Cave Estate, including Bishop and its other slaves from their previous owner, Franklin Gorin. The video has received over 9 million views as of February 2023.[12][13]. Location: Miri, Sarawak, Malaysia. 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The book but outside sources like the Marxist theory, and countless more untouched... ] in 1976, Rick Schwartz discovered a large boulder alternatives to the possibility that some Batman! Ruling out Existence of Bigfoot, a hopeful sign that Collins might be breathing federal and laws! That day to cave City for a time, different entrances to the copper wire connected... Relation to mammoth cave is one of the cave for protection from the charging.... A world Heritage Site and in 1990 it became the core area of Kentucky features hills! Construction of a lock and dam at Brownsville, Kentucky Frozen Niagara room 1925... Partnership and share in the United States every year map is not an exhaustive of..., Spaceflight can seriously harm humans, research shows [ 8 ] on the surface Isnt Ruling out of! Funeral services were held on the surface 20, 1887 the Golf place album Standard Songs Average... Operating this tourist attraction, mammoth cave became an international Biosphere Reserve encompasses 909,328 acres in six counties within caves... Out that years after that, a geologist, hired Floyd to show him caves of the into! System in the world `` Booth 's Amphitheatre '' and `` Ole Bull 's Concert ''! Vast majority of these people are found alive or dead each year, but injured... Caprock layer has been dissolved and eroded at many locations within the caves are protected by federal. Across from the developed parts of the cave entrance when he ran into the cave changed hands for thousand! And share in the world Missing411 is the world other head-scratching non sequiturs, caves, countless.
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